Endurecer

to harden

🎯

Infinitive (infinitivo)

Base form of the verb

endurecer

🏃

Gerund (gerundio)

Present participle (-ing form)

endureciendo

📋

Past Participle

Used in compound tenses

endurecido

Simple Tenses

⚡

Present Indicative (presente de indicativo)

Present actions and habitual activities

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	endureco I harden	I harden
tú	endureces you harden	you harden
él/ella/usted	endurece he/she/you hardens	he/she/you hardens
nosotros	endurecemos we harden	we harden
vosotros	endurecéis you all harden	you all harden
ellos/ustedes	endurecen they/you all harden	they/you all harden

🕰️

Imperfect Indicative (imperfecto de indicativo)

Ongoing past actions and descriptions

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	endurecía I used to harden	I used to harden
tú	endurecías you used to harden	you used to harden
él/ella/usted	endurecía he/she/you used to harden	he/she/you used to harden
nosotros	endurecíamos we used to harden	we used to harden
vosotros	endurecíais you all used to harden	you all used to harden
ellos/ustedes	endurecían they/you all used to harden	they/you all used to harden

📅

Preterit (pretérito)

Completed past actions

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	endurecí I hardened	I hardened
tú	endureciste you hardened	you hardened
él/ella/usted	endureció he/she/you hardened	he/she/you hardened
nosotros	endurecimos we hardened	we hardened
vosotros	endurecisteis you all hardened	you all hardened
ellos/ustedes	endurecieron they/you all hardened	they/you all hardened

🔮

Future (futuro)

Future actions and intentions

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	endureceré I will harden	I will harden
tú	endurecerás you will harden	you will harden
él/ella/usted	endurecerá he/she/you will harden	he/she/you will harden
nosotros	endureceremos we will harden	we will harden
vosotros	endureceréis you all will harden	you all will harden
ellos/ustedes	endurecerán they/you all will harden	they/you all will harden

🎯

Conditional (potencial simple)

Hypothetical and conditional actions

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	endurecería I would harden	I would harden
tú	endurecerías you would harden	you would harden
él/ella/usted	endurecería he/she/you would harden	he/she/you would harden
nosotros	endureceríamos we would harden	we would harden
vosotros	endureceríais you all would harden	you all would harden
ellos/ustedes	endurecerían they/you all would harden	they/you all would harden

💭

Present Subjunctive (presente de subjuntivo)

Subjective present actions and desires

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	endureca that I harden	that I harden
tú	endurecas that you harden	that you harden
él/ella/usted	endureca that he/she/you harden	that he/she/you harden
nosotros	endurecamos that we harden	that we harden
vosotros	endurecáis that you all harden	that you all harden
ellos/ustedes	endurecan that they/you all harden	that they/you all harden

🌙

Imperfect Subjunctive (imperfecto de subjuntivo)

Subjective past actions and hypothetical situations

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	endureciera or endureciese that I hardened	that I hardened
tú	endurecieras or endurecieses that you hardened	that you hardened
él/ella/usted	endureciera or endureciese that he/she/you hardened	that he/she/you hardened
nosotros	endureciéramos or endureciésemos that we hardened	that we hardened
vosotros	endurecierais or endurecieseis that you all hardened	that you all hardened
ellos/ustedes	endurecieran or endureciesen that they/you all hardened	that they/you all hardened

Compound Tenses

✅

Present Perfect (perfecto de indicativo)

Actions completed recently or with present relevance

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	he endurecido I have hardened	I have hardened
tú	has endurecido you have hardened	you have hardened
él/ella/usted	ha endurecido he/she/you have hardened	he/she/you have hardened
nosotros	hemos endurecido we have hardened	we have hardened
vosotros	habéis endurecido you all have hardened	you all have hardened
ellos/ustedes	han endurecido they/you all have hardened	they/you all have hardened

⏪

Pluperfect Indicative (pluscuamperfecto de indicativo)

Actions completed before another past action

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	había endurecido I had hardened	I had hardened
tú	habías endurecido you had hardened	you had hardened
él/ella/usted	había endurecido he/she/you had hardened	he/she/you had hardened
nosotros	habíamos endurecido we had hardened	we had hardened
vosotros	habíais endurecido you all had hardened	you all had hardened
ellos/ustedes	habían endurecido they/you all had hardened	they/you all had hardened

📍

Preterit Perfect (pretérito anterior)

Actions completed immediately before another past action

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	hube endurecido I had hardened	I had hardened
tú	hubiste endurecido you had hardened	you had hardened
él/ella/usted	hubo endurecido he/she/you had hardened	he/she/you had hardened
nosotros	hubimos endurecido we had hardened	we had hardened
vosotros	hubisteis endurecido you all had hardened	you all had hardened
ellos/ustedes	hubieron endurecido they/you all had hardened	they/you all had hardened

🎊

Future Perfect (futuro perfecto)

Actions that will be completed by a future time

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	habré endurecido I will have hardened	I will have hardened
tú	habrás endurecido you will have hardened	you will have hardened
él/ella/usted	habrá endurecido he/she/you will have hardened	he/she/you will have hardened
nosotros	habremos endurecido we will have hardened	we will have hardened
vosotros	habréis endurecido you all will have hardened	you all will have hardened
ellos/ustedes	habrán endurecido they/you all will have hardened	they/you all will have hardened

🔄

Conditional Perfect (potencial compuesto)

Actions that would have been completed under certain conditions

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	habría endurecido I would have hardened	I would have hardened
tú	habrías endurecido you would have hardened	you would have hardened
él/ella/usted	habría endurecido he/she/you would have hardened	he/she/you would have hardened
nosotros	habríamos endurecido we would have hardened	we would have hardened
vosotros	habríais endurecido you all would have hardened	you all would have hardened
ellos/ustedes	habrían endurecido they/you all would have hardened	they/you all would have hardened

💫

Subjunctive Present Perfect (perfecto de subjuntivo)

Subjective actions completed in relation to the present

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	haya endurecido that I have hardened	that I have hardened
tú	hayas endurecido that you have hardened	that you have hardened
él/ella/usted	haya endurecido that he/she/you have hardened	that he/she/you have hardened
nosotros	hayamos endurecido that we have hardened	that we have hardened
vosotros	hayáis endurecido that you all have hardened	that you all have hardened
ellos/ustedes	hayan endurecido that they/you all have hardened	that they/you all have hardened

🌌

Subjunctive Past Perfect (pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo)

Subjective actions completed before another past action

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	hubiera endurecido that I had hardened	that I had hardened
tú	hubieras endurecido that you had hardened	that you had hardened
él/ella/usted	hubiera endurecido that he/she/you had hardened	that he/she/you had hardened
nosotros	hubiéramos endurecido that we had hardened	that we had hardened
vosotros	hubierais endurecido that you all had hardened	that you all had hardened
ellos/ustedes	hubieran endurecido that they/you all had hardened	that they/you all had hardened

❗

Commands (imperativo)

Commands and direct orders

Person	Command	English
tú	endurece	harden! (you)
usted	endureca	harden! (you formal)
nosotros	endurecamos	let's harden!
vosotros	endureced	harden! (you all)
ustedes	endurecan	harden! (you all)

🚫

Negative Commands (imperativo negativo)

Negative commands and prohibitions

Person	Command	English
tú	no endurecas	don't harden! (you)
usted	no endureca	don't harden! (you formal)
nosotros	no endurecamos	let's not harden!
vosotros	no endurecáis	don't harden! (you all)
ustedes	no endurecan	don't harden! (you all)

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