Estornudar

to sneeze

🎯

Infinitive (infinitivo)

Base form of the verb

estornudar

🏃

Gerund (gerundio)

Present participle (-ing form)

estornudando

📋

Past Participle

Used in compound tenses

estornudado

Simple Tenses

⚡

Present Indicative (presente de indicativo)

Present actions and habitual activities

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	estornudo I sneeze	I sneeze
tú	estornudas you sneeze	you sneeze
él/ella/usted	estornuda he/she/you sneezes	he/she/you sneezes
nosotros	estornudamos we sneeze	we sneeze
vosotros	estornudáis you all sneeze	you all sneeze
ellos/ustedes	estornudan they/you all sneeze	they/you all sneeze

🕰️

Imperfect Indicative (imperfecto de indicativo)

Ongoing past actions and descriptions

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	estornudaba I used to sneeze	I used to sneeze
tú	estornudabas you used to sneeze	you used to sneeze
él/ella/usted	estornudaba he/she/you used to sneeze	he/she/you used to sneeze
nosotros	estornudábamos we used to sneeze	we used to sneeze
vosotros	estornudabais you all used to sneeze	you all used to sneeze
ellos/ustedes	estornudaban they/you all used to sneeze	they/you all used to sneeze

📅

Preterit (pretérito)

Completed past actions

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	estornudé I sneezed	I sneezed
tú	estornudaste you sneezed	you sneezed
él/ella/usted	estornudó he/she/you sneezed	he/she/you sneezed
nosotros	estornudamos we sneezed	we sneezed
vosotros	estornudasteis you all sneezed	you all sneezed
ellos/ustedes	estornudaron they/you all sneezed	they/you all sneezed

🔮

Future (futuro)

Future actions and intentions

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	estornudaré I will sneeze	I will sneeze
tú	estornudarás you will sneeze	you will sneeze
él/ella/usted	estornudará he/she/you will sneeze	he/she/you will sneeze
nosotros	estornudaremos we will sneeze	we will sneeze
vosotros	estornudaréis you all will sneeze	you all will sneeze
ellos/ustedes	estornudarán they/you all will sneeze	they/you all will sneeze

🎯

Conditional (potencial simple)

Hypothetical and conditional actions

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	estornudaría I would sneeze	I would sneeze
tú	estornudarías you would sneeze	you would sneeze
él/ella/usted	estornudaría he/she/you would sneeze	he/she/you would sneeze
nosotros	estornudaríamos we would sneeze	we would sneeze
vosotros	estornudaríais you all would sneeze	you all would sneeze
ellos/ustedes	estornudarían they/you all would sneeze	they/you all would sneeze

💭

Present Subjunctive (presente de subjuntivo)

Subjective present actions and desires

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	estornude that I sneeze	that I sneeze
tú	estornudes that you sneeze	that you sneeze
él/ella/usted	estornude that he/she/you sneeze	that he/she/you sneeze
nosotros	estornudemos that we sneeze	that we sneeze
vosotros	estornudéis that you all sneeze	that you all sneeze
ellos/ustedes	estornuden that they/you all sneeze	that they/you all sneeze

🌙

Imperfect Subjunctive (imperfecto de subjuntivo)

Subjective past actions and hypothetical situations

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	estornudara or estornudase that I sneezed	that I sneezed
tú	estornudaras or estornudases that you sneezed	that you sneezed
él/ella/usted	estornudara or estornudase that he/she/you sneezed	that he/she/you sneezed
nosotros	estornudáramos or estornudásemos that we sneezed	that we sneezed
vosotros	estornudarais or estornudaseis that you all sneezed	that you all sneezed
ellos/ustedes	estornudaran or estornudasen that they/you all sneezed	that they/you all sneezed

Compound Tenses

✅

Present Perfect (perfecto de indicativo)

Actions completed recently or with present relevance

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	he estornudado I have sneezed	I have sneezed
tú	has estornudado you have sneezed	you have sneezed
él/ella/usted	ha estornudado he/she/you have sneezed	he/she/you have sneezed
nosotros	hemos estornudado we have sneezed	we have sneezed
vosotros	habéis estornudado you all have sneezed	you all have sneezed
ellos/ustedes	han estornudado they/you all have sneezed	they/you all have sneezed

⏪

Pluperfect Indicative (pluscuamperfecto de indicativo)

Actions completed before another past action

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	había estornudado I had sneezed	I had sneezed
tú	habías estornudado you had sneezed	you had sneezed
él/ella/usted	había estornudado he/she/you had sneezed	he/she/you had sneezed
nosotros	habíamos estornudado we had sneezed	we had sneezed
vosotros	habíais estornudado you all had sneezed	you all had sneezed
ellos/ustedes	habían estornudado they/you all had sneezed	they/you all had sneezed

📍

Preterit Perfect (pretérito anterior)

Actions completed immediately before another past action

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	hube estornudado I had sneezed	I had sneezed
tú	hubiste estornudado you had sneezed	you had sneezed
él/ella/usted	hubo estornudado he/she/you had sneezed	he/she/you had sneezed
nosotros	hubimos estornudado we had sneezed	we had sneezed
vosotros	hubisteis estornudado you all had sneezed	you all had sneezed
ellos/ustedes	hubieron estornudado they/you all had sneezed	they/you all had sneezed

🎊

Future Perfect (futuro perfecto)

Actions that will be completed by a future time

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	habré estornudado I will have sneezed	I will have sneezed
tú	habrás estornudado you will have sneezed	you will have sneezed
él/ella/usted	habrá estornudado he/she/you will have sneezed	he/she/you will have sneezed
nosotros	habremos estornudado we will have sneezed	we will have sneezed
vosotros	habréis estornudado you all will have sneezed	you all will have sneezed
ellos/ustedes	habrán estornudado they/you all will have sneezed	they/you all will have sneezed

🔄

Conditional Perfect (potencial compuesto)

Actions that would have been completed under certain conditions

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	habría estornudado I would have sneezed	I would have sneezed
tú	habrías estornudado you would have sneezed	you would have sneezed
él/ella/usted	habría estornudado he/she/you would have sneezed	he/she/you would have sneezed
nosotros	habríamos estornudado we would have sneezed	we would have sneezed
vosotros	habríais estornudado you all would have sneezed	you all would have sneezed
ellos/ustedes	habrían estornudado they/you all would have sneezed	they/you all would have sneezed

💫

Subjunctive Present Perfect (perfecto de subjuntivo)

Subjective actions completed in relation to the present

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	haya estornudado that I have sneezed	that I have sneezed
tú	hayas estornudado that you have sneezed	that you have sneezed
él/ella/usted	haya estornudado that he/she/you have sneezed	that he/she/you have sneezed
nosotros	hayamos estornudado that we have sneezed	that we have sneezed
vosotros	hayáis estornudado that you all have sneezed	that you all have sneezed
ellos/ustedes	hayan estornudado that they/you all have sneezed	that they/you all have sneezed

🌌

Subjunctive Past Perfect (pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo)

Subjective actions completed before another past action

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	hubiera estornudado that I had sneezed	that I had sneezed
tú	hubieras estornudado that you had sneezed	that you had sneezed
él/ella/usted	hubiera estornudado that he/she/you had sneezed	that he/she/you had sneezed
nosotros	hubiéramos estornudado that we had sneezed	that we had sneezed
vosotros	hubierais estornudado that you all had sneezed	that you all had sneezed
ellos/ustedes	hubieran estornudado that they/you all had sneezed	that they/you all had sneezed

❗

Commands (imperativo)

Commands and direct orders

Person	Command	English
tú	estornuda	sneeze! (you)
usted	estornude	sneeze! (you formal)
nosotros	estornudemos	let's sneeze!
vosotros	estornudad	sneeze! (you all)
ustedes	estornuden	sneeze! (you all)

🚫

Negative Commands (imperativo negativo)

Negative commands and prohibitions

Person	Command	English
tú	no estornudes	don't sneeze! (you)
usted	no estornude	don't sneeze! (you formal)
nosotros	no estornudemos	let's not sneeze!
vosotros	no estornudéis	don't sneeze! (you all)
ustedes	no estornuden	don't sneeze! (you all)

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