Pugnar

to struggle

🎯

Infinitive (infinitivo)

Base form of the verb

pugnar

🏃

Gerund (gerundio)

Present participle (-ing form)

pugnando

📋

Past Participle

Used in compound tenses

pugnado

Simple Tenses

⚡

Present Indicative (presente de indicativo)

Present actions and habitual activities

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	pugno I struggle	I struggle
tú	pugnas you struggle	you struggle
él/ella/usted	pugna he/she/you struggles	he/she/you struggles
nosotros	pugnamos we struggle	we struggle
vosotros	pugnáis you all struggle	you all struggle
ellos/ustedes	pugnan they/you all struggle	they/you all struggle

🕰️

Imperfect Indicative (imperfecto de indicativo)

Ongoing past actions and descriptions

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	pugnaba I used to struggle	I used to struggle
tú	pugnabas you used to struggle	you used to struggle
él/ella/usted	pugnaba he/she/you used to struggle	he/she/you used to struggle
nosotros	pugnábamos we used to struggle	we used to struggle
vosotros	pugnabais you all used to struggle	you all used to struggle
ellos/ustedes	pugnaban they/you all used to struggle	they/you all used to struggle

📅

Preterit (pretérito)

Completed past actions

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	pugné I struggled	I struggled
tú	pugnaste you struggled	you struggled
él/ella/usted	pugnó he/she/you struggled	he/she/you struggled
nosotros	pugnamos we struggled	we struggled
vosotros	pugnasteis you all struggled	you all struggled
ellos/ustedes	pugnaron they/you all struggled	they/you all struggled

🔮

Future (futuro)

Future actions and intentions

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	pugnaré I will struggle	I will struggle
tú	pugnarás you will struggle	you will struggle
él/ella/usted	pugnará he/she/you will struggle	he/she/you will struggle
nosotros	pugnaremos we will struggle	we will struggle
vosotros	pugnaréis you all will struggle	you all will struggle
ellos/ustedes	pugnarán they/you all will struggle	they/you all will struggle

🎯

Conditional (potencial simple)

Hypothetical and conditional actions

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	pugnaría I would struggle	I would struggle
tú	pugnarías you would struggle	you would struggle
él/ella/usted	pugnaría he/she/you would struggle	he/she/you would struggle
nosotros	pugnaríamos we would struggle	we would struggle
vosotros	pugnaríais you all would struggle	you all would struggle
ellos/ustedes	pugnarían they/you all would struggle	they/you all would struggle

💭

Present Subjunctive (presente de subjuntivo)

Subjective present actions and desires

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	pugne that I struggle	that I struggle
tú	pugnes that you struggle	that you struggle
él/ella/usted	pugne that he/she/you struggle	that he/she/you struggle
nosotros	pugnemos that we struggle	that we struggle
vosotros	pugnéis that you all struggle	that you all struggle
ellos/ustedes	pugnen that they/you all struggle	that they/you all struggle

🌙

Imperfect Subjunctive (imperfecto de subjuntivo)

Subjective past actions and hypothetical situations

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	pugnara or pugnase that I struggled	that I struggled
tú	pugnaras or pugnases that you struggled	that you struggled
él/ella/usted	pugnara or pugnase that he/she/you struggled	that he/she/you struggled
nosotros	pugnáramos or pugnásemos that we struggled	that we struggled
vosotros	pugnarais or pugnaseis that you all struggled	that you all struggled
ellos/ustedes	pugnaran or pugnasen that they/you all struggled	that they/you all struggled

Compound Tenses

✅

Present Perfect (perfecto de indicativo)

Actions completed recently or with present relevance

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	he pugnado I have struggled	I have struggled
tú	has pugnado you have struggled	you have struggled
él/ella/usted	ha pugnado he/she/you have struggled	he/she/you have struggled
nosotros	hemos pugnado we have struggled	we have struggled
vosotros	habéis pugnado you all have struggled	you all have struggled
ellos/ustedes	han pugnado they/you all have struggled	they/you all have struggled

⏪

Pluperfect Indicative (pluscuamperfecto de indicativo)

Actions completed before another past action

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	había pugnado I had struggled	I had struggled
tú	habías pugnado you had struggled	you had struggled
él/ella/usted	había pugnado he/she/you had struggled	he/she/you had struggled
nosotros	habíamos pugnado we had struggled	we had struggled
vosotros	habíais pugnado you all had struggled	you all had struggled
ellos/ustedes	habían pugnado they/you all had struggled	they/you all had struggled

📍

Preterit Perfect (pretérito anterior)

Actions completed immediately before another past action

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	hube pugnado I had struggled	I had struggled
tú	hubiste pugnado you had struggled	you had struggled
él/ella/usted	hubo pugnado he/she/you had struggled	he/she/you had struggled
nosotros	hubimos pugnado we had struggled	we had struggled
vosotros	hubisteis pugnado you all had struggled	you all had struggled
ellos/ustedes	hubieron pugnado they/you all had struggled	they/you all had struggled

🎊

Future Perfect (futuro perfecto)

Actions that will be completed by a future time

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	habré pugnado I will have struggled	I will have struggled
tú	habrás pugnado you will have struggled	you will have struggled
él/ella/usted	habrá pugnado he/she/you will have struggled	he/she/you will have struggled
nosotros	habremos pugnado we will have struggled	we will have struggled
vosotros	habréis pugnado you all will have struggled	you all will have struggled
ellos/ustedes	habrán pugnado they/you all will have struggled	they/you all will have struggled

🔄

Conditional Perfect (potencial compuesto)

Actions that would have been completed under certain conditions

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	habría pugnado I would have struggled	I would have struggled
tú	habrías pugnado you would have struggled	you would have struggled
él/ella/usted	habría pugnado he/she/you would have struggled	he/she/you would have struggled
nosotros	habríamos pugnado we would have struggled	we would have struggled
vosotros	habríais pugnado you all would have struggled	you all would have struggled
ellos/ustedes	habrían pugnado they/you all would have struggled	they/you all would have struggled

💫

Subjunctive Present Perfect (perfecto de subjuntivo)

Subjective actions completed in relation to the present

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	haya pugnado that I have struggled	that I have struggled
tú	hayas pugnado that you have struggled	that you have struggled
él/ella/usted	haya pugnado that he/she/you have struggled	that he/she/you have struggled
nosotros	hayamos pugnado that we have struggled	that we have struggled
vosotros	hayáis pugnado that you all have struggled	that you all have struggled
ellos/ustedes	hayan pugnado that they/you all have struggled	that they/you all have struggled

🌌

Subjunctive Past Perfect (pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo)

Subjective actions completed before another past action

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	hubiera pugnado that I had struggled	that I had struggled
tú	hubieras pugnado that you had struggled	that you had struggled
él/ella/usted	hubiera pugnado that he/she/you had struggled	that he/she/you had struggled
nosotros	hubiéramos pugnado that we had struggled	that we had struggled
vosotros	hubierais pugnado that you all had struggled	that you all had struggled
ellos/ustedes	hubieran pugnado that they/you all had struggled	that they/you all had struggled

❗

Commands (imperativo)

Commands and direct orders

Person	Command	English
tú	pugna	struggle! (you)
usted	pugne	struggle! (you formal)
nosotros	pugnemos	let's struggle!
vosotros	pugnad	struggle! (you all)
ustedes	pugnen	struggle! (you all)

🚫

Negative Commands (imperativo negativo)

Negative commands and prohibitions

Person	Command	English
tú	no pugnes	don't struggle! (you)
usted	no pugne	don't struggle! (you formal)
nosotros	no pugnemos	let's not struggle!
vosotros	no pugnéis	don't struggle! (you all)
ustedes	no pugnen	don't struggle! (you all)

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