Sorprender

to surprise

🎯

Infinitive (infinitivo)

Base form of the verb

sorprender

🏃

Gerund (gerundio)

Present participle (-ing form)

sorprendiendo

📋

Past Participle

Used in compound tenses

sorprendido

Simple Tenses

⚡

Present Indicative (presente de indicativo)

Present actions and habitual activities

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	sorprendo I surprise	I surprise
tú	sorprendes you surprise	you surprise
él/ella/usted	sorprende he/she/you surprises	he/she/you surprises
nosotros	sorprendemos we surprise	we surprise
vosotros	sorprendéis you all surprise	you all surprise
ellos/ustedes	sorprenden they/you all surprise	they/you all surprise

🕰️

Imperfect Indicative (imperfecto de indicativo)

Ongoing past actions and descriptions

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	sorprendía I used to surprise	I used to surprise
tú	sorprendías you used to surprise	you used to surprise
él/ella/usted	sorprendía he/she/you used to surprise	he/she/you used to surprise
nosotros	sorprendíamos we used to surprise	we used to surprise
vosotros	sorprendíais you all used to surprise	you all used to surprise
ellos/ustedes	sorprendían they/you all used to surprise	they/you all used to surprise

📅

Preterit (pretérito)

Completed past actions

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	sorprendí I surprised	I surprised
tú	sorprendiste you surprised	you surprised
él/ella/usted	sorprendió he/she/you surprised	he/she/you surprised
nosotros	sorprendimos we surprised	we surprised
vosotros	sorprendisteis you all surprised	you all surprised
ellos/ustedes	sorprendieron they/you all surprised	they/you all surprised

🔮

Future (futuro)

Future actions and intentions

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	sorprenderé I will surprise	I will surprise
tú	sorprenderás you will surprise	you will surprise
él/ella/usted	sorprenderá he/she/you will surprise	he/she/you will surprise
nosotros	sorprenderemos we will surprise	we will surprise
vosotros	sorprenderéis you all will surprise	you all will surprise
ellos/ustedes	sorprenderán they/you all will surprise	they/you all will surprise

🎯

Conditional (potencial simple)

Hypothetical and conditional actions

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	sorprendería I would surprise	I would surprise
tú	sorprenderías you would surprise	you would surprise
él/ella/usted	sorprendería he/she/you would surprise	he/she/you would surprise
nosotros	sorprenderíamos we would surprise	we would surprise
vosotros	sorprenderíais you all would surprise	you all would surprise
ellos/ustedes	sorprenderían they/you all would surprise	they/you all would surprise

💭

Present Subjunctive (presente de subjuntivo)

Subjective present actions and desires

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	sorprenda that I surprise	that I surprise
tú	sorprendas that you surprise	that you surprise
él/ella/usted	sorprenda that he/she/you surprise	that he/she/you surprise
nosotros	sorprendamos that we surprise	that we surprise
vosotros	sorprendáis that you all surprise	that you all surprise
ellos/ustedes	sorprendan that they/you all surprise	that they/you all surprise

🌙

Imperfect Subjunctive (imperfecto de subjuntivo)

Subjective past actions and hypothetical situations

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	sorprendiera or sorprendiese that I surprised	that I surprised
tú	sorprendieras or sorprendieses that you surprised	that you surprised
él/ella/usted	sorprendiera or sorprendiese that he/she/you surprised	that he/she/you surprised
nosotros	sorprendiéramos or sorprendiésemos that we surprised	that we surprised
vosotros	sorprendierais or sorprendieseis that you all surprised	that you all surprised
ellos/ustedes	sorprendieran or sorprendiesen that they/you all surprised	that they/you all surprised

Compound Tenses

✅

Present Perfect (perfecto de indicativo)

Actions completed recently or with present relevance

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	he sorprendido I have surprised	I have surprised
tú	has sorprendido you have surprised	you have surprised
él/ella/usted	ha sorprendido he/she/you have surprised	he/she/you have surprised
nosotros	hemos sorprendido we have surprised	we have surprised
vosotros	habéis sorprendido you all have surprised	you all have surprised
ellos/ustedes	han sorprendido they/you all have surprised	they/you all have surprised

⏪

Pluperfect Indicative (pluscuamperfecto de indicativo)

Actions completed before another past action

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	había sorprendido I had surprised	I had surprised
tú	habías sorprendido you had surprised	you had surprised
él/ella/usted	había sorprendido he/she/you had surprised	he/she/you had surprised
nosotros	habíamos sorprendido we had surprised	we had surprised
vosotros	habíais sorprendido you all had surprised	you all had surprised
ellos/ustedes	habían sorprendido they/you all had surprised	they/you all had surprised

📍

Preterit Perfect (pretérito anterior)

Actions completed immediately before another past action

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	hube sorprendido I had surprised	I had surprised
tú	hubiste sorprendido you had surprised	you had surprised
él/ella/usted	hubo sorprendido he/she/you had surprised	he/she/you had surprised
nosotros	hubimos sorprendido we had surprised	we had surprised
vosotros	hubisteis sorprendido you all had surprised	you all had surprised
ellos/ustedes	hubieron sorprendido they/you all had surprised	they/you all had surprised

🎊

Future Perfect (futuro perfecto)

Actions that will be completed by a future time

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	habré sorprendido I will have surprised	I will have surprised
tú	habrás sorprendido you will have surprised	you will have surprised
él/ella/usted	habrá sorprendido he/she/you will have surprised	he/she/you will have surprised
nosotros	habremos sorprendido we will have surprised	we will have surprised
vosotros	habréis sorprendido you all will have surprised	you all will have surprised
ellos/ustedes	habrán sorprendido they/you all will have surprised	they/you all will have surprised

🔄

Conditional Perfect (potencial compuesto)

Actions that would have been completed under certain conditions

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	habría sorprendido I would have surprised	I would have surprised
tú	habrías sorprendido you would have surprised	you would have surprised
él/ella/usted	habría sorprendido he/she/you would have surprised	he/she/you would have surprised
nosotros	habríamos sorprendido we would have surprised	we would have surprised
vosotros	habríais sorprendido you all would have surprised	you all would have surprised
ellos/ustedes	habrían sorprendido they/you all would have surprised	they/you all would have surprised

💫

Subjunctive Present Perfect (perfecto de subjuntivo)

Subjective actions completed in relation to the present

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	haya sorprendido that I have surprised	that I have surprised
tú	hayas sorprendido that you have surprised	that you have surprised
él/ella/usted	haya sorprendido that he/she/you have surprised	that he/she/you have surprised
nosotros	hayamos sorprendido that we have surprised	that we have surprised
vosotros	hayáis sorprendido that you all have surprised	that you all have surprised
ellos/ustedes	hayan sorprendido that they/you all have surprised	that they/you all have surprised

🌌

Subjunctive Past Perfect (pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo)

Subjective actions completed before another past action

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	hubiera sorprendido that I had surprised	that I had surprised
tú	hubieras sorprendido that you had surprised	that you had surprised
él/ella/usted	hubiera sorprendido that he/she/you had surprised	that he/she/you had surprised
nosotros	hubiéramos sorprendido that we had surprised	that we had surprised
vosotros	hubierais sorprendido that you all had surprised	that you all had surprised
ellos/ustedes	hubieran sorprendido that they/you all had surprised	that they/you all had surprised

❗

Commands (imperativo)

Commands and direct orders

Person	Command	English
tú	sorprende	surprise! (you)
usted	sorprenda	surprise! (you formal)
nosotros	sorprendamos	let's surprise!
vosotros	sorprended	surprise! (you all)
ustedes	sorprendan	surprise! (you all)

🚫

Negative Commands (imperativo negativo)

Negative commands and prohibitions

Person	Command	English
tú	no sorprendas	don't surprise! (you)
usted	no sorprenda	don't surprise! (you formal)
nosotros	no sorprendamos	let's not surprise!
vosotros	no sorprendáis	don't surprise! (you all)
ustedes	no sorprendan	don't surprise! (you all)

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