What does cumplir mean in English?

Cumplir means "to fulfill" in English.

How do you conjugate cumplir in Spanish?

Cumplir is conjugated across all Spanish tenses including present, preterite, imperfect, future, conditional, subjunctive, and more. Each tense has specific conjugations for yo, tú, él/ella/usted, nosotros, vosotros, and ellos/ustedes. You can see complete conjugation tables with audio pronunciations on this page.

What are common idiomatic expressions with cumplir?

Common idiomatic expressions using cumplir include: "cumplir años" (to have a birthday / to turn (age)), "cumplir con" (to fulfill / to comply with), "cumplir su palabra" (to keep one's word). These expressions are frequently used in everyday Spanish conversation.

How do you use cumplir in a sentence?

Example: "Hoy cumplo 25 años." which means "Today I turn 25 years old." in English.

What are synonyms for cumplir?

Spanish synonyms for cumplir include: realizar. The exact synonym to use depends on the context and specific meaning intended.

Cumplir

to fulfill

🎯

Infinitive (infinitivo)

Base form of the verb

cumplir

🏃

Gerund (gerundio)

Present participle (-ing form)

cumpliendo

📋

Past Participle

Used in compound tenses

cumplido

Simple Tenses

⚡

Present Indicative (presente de indicativo)

Present actions and habitual activities

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	cumplo I fulfill	I fulfill
tú	cumples you fulfill	you fulfill
él/ella/usted	cumple he/she/you fulfills	he/she/you fulfills
nosotros	cumplimos we fulfill	we fulfill
vosotros	cumplís you all fulfill	you all fulfill
ellos/ustedes	cumplen they/you all fulfill	they/you all fulfill

🕰️

Imperfect Indicative (imperfecto de indicativo)

Ongoing past actions and descriptions

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	cumplía I used to fulfill	I used to fulfill
tú	cumplías you used to fulfill	you used to fulfill
él/ella/usted	cumplía he/she/you used to fulfill	he/she/you used to fulfill
nosotros	cumplíamos we used to fulfill	we used to fulfill
vosotros	cumplíais you all used to fulfill	you all used to fulfill
ellos/ustedes	cumplían they/you all used to fulfill	they/you all used to fulfill

📅

Preterit (pretérito)

Completed past actions

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	cumplí I fulfilled	I fulfilled
tú	cumpliste you fulfilled	you fulfilled
él/ella/usted	cumplió he/she/you fulfilled	he/she/you fulfilled
nosotros	cumplimos we fulfilled	we fulfilled
vosotros	cumplisteis you all fulfilled	you all fulfilled
ellos/ustedes	cumplieron they/you all fulfilled	they/you all fulfilled

🔮

Future (futuro)

Future actions and intentions

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	cumpliré I will fulfill	I will fulfill
tú	cumplirás you will fulfill	you will fulfill
él/ella/usted	cumplirá he/she/you will fulfill	he/she/you will fulfill
nosotros	cumpliremos we will fulfill	we will fulfill
vosotros	cumpliréis you all will fulfill	you all will fulfill
ellos/ustedes	cumplirán they/you all will fulfill	they/you all will fulfill

🎯

Conditional (potencial simple)

Hypothetical and conditional actions

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	cumpliría I would fulfill	I would fulfill
tú	cumplirías you would fulfill	you would fulfill
él/ella/usted	cumpliría he/she/you would fulfill	he/she/you would fulfill
nosotros	cumpliríamos we would fulfill	we would fulfill
vosotros	cumpliríais you all would fulfill	you all would fulfill
ellos/ustedes	cumplirían they/you all would fulfill	they/you all would fulfill

💭

Present Subjunctive (presente de subjuntivo)

Subjective present actions and desires

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	cumpla that I fulfill	that I fulfill
tú	cumplas that you fulfill	that you fulfill
él/ella/usted	cumpla that he/she/you fulfill	that he/she/you fulfill
nosotros	cumplamos that we fulfill	that we fulfill
vosotros	cumpláis that you all fulfill	that you all fulfill
ellos/ustedes	cumplan that they/you all fulfill	that they/you all fulfill

🌙

Imperfect Subjunctive (imperfecto de subjuntivo)

Subjective past actions and hypothetical situations

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	cumpliera or cumpliese that I fulfilled	that I fulfilled
tú	cumplieras or cumplieses that you fulfilled	that you fulfilled
él/ella/usted	cumpliera or cumpliese that he/she/you fulfilled	that he/she/you fulfilled
nosotros	cumpliéramos or cumpliésemos that we fulfilled	that we fulfilled
vosotros	cumplierais or cumplieseis that you all fulfilled	that you all fulfilled
ellos/ustedes	cumplieran or cumpliesen that they/you all fulfilled	that they/you all fulfilled

Compound Tenses

✅

Present Perfect (perfecto de indicativo)

Actions completed recently or with present relevance

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	he cumplido I have fulfilled	I have fulfilled
tú	has cumplido you have fulfilled	you have fulfilled
él/ella/usted	ha cumplido he/she/you have fulfilled	he/she/you have fulfilled
nosotros	hemos cumplido we have fulfilled	we have fulfilled
vosotros	habéis cumplido you all have fulfilled	you all have fulfilled
ellos/ustedes	han cumplido they/you all have fulfilled	they/you all have fulfilled

⏪

Pluperfect Indicative (pluscuamperfecto de indicativo)

Actions completed before another past action

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	había cumplido I had fulfilled	I had fulfilled
tú	habías cumplido you had fulfilled	you had fulfilled
él/ella/usted	había cumplido he/she/you had fulfilled	he/she/you had fulfilled
nosotros	habíamos cumplido we had fulfilled	we had fulfilled
vosotros	habíais cumplido you all had fulfilled	you all had fulfilled
ellos/ustedes	habían cumplido they/you all had fulfilled	they/you all had fulfilled

📍

Preterit Perfect (pretérito anterior)

Actions completed immediately before another past action

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	hube cumplido I had fulfilled	I had fulfilled
tú	hubiste cumplido you had fulfilled	you had fulfilled
él/ella/usted	hubo cumplido he/she/you had fulfilled	he/she/you had fulfilled
nosotros	hubimos cumplido we had fulfilled	we had fulfilled
vosotros	hubisteis cumplido you all had fulfilled	you all had fulfilled
ellos/ustedes	hubieron cumplido they/you all had fulfilled	they/you all had fulfilled

🎊

Future Perfect (futuro perfecto)

Actions that will be completed by a future time

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	habré cumplido I will have fulfilled	I will have fulfilled
tú	habrás cumplido you will have fulfilled	you will have fulfilled
él/ella/usted	habrá cumplido he/she/you will have fulfilled	he/she/you will have fulfilled
nosotros	habremos cumplido we will have fulfilled	we will have fulfilled
vosotros	habréis cumplido you all will have fulfilled	you all will have fulfilled
ellos/ustedes	habrán cumplido they/you all will have fulfilled	they/you all will have fulfilled

🔄

Conditional Perfect (potencial compuesto)

Actions that would have been completed under certain conditions

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	habría cumplido I would have fulfilled	I would have fulfilled
tú	habrías cumplido you would have fulfilled	you would have fulfilled
él/ella/usted	habría cumplido he/she/you would have fulfilled	he/she/you would have fulfilled
nosotros	habríamos cumplido we would have fulfilled	we would have fulfilled
vosotros	habríais cumplido you all would have fulfilled	you all would have fulfilled
ellos/ustedes	habrían cumplido they/you all would have fulfilled	they/you all would have fulfilled

💫

Subjunctive Present Perfect (perfecto de subjuntivo)

Subjective actions completed in relation to the present

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	haya cumplido that I have fulfilled	that I have fulfilled
tú	hayas cumplido that you have fulfilled	that you have fulfilled
él/ella/usted	haya cumplido that he/she/you have fulfilled	that he/she/you have fulfilled
nosotros	hayamos cumplido that we have fulfilled	that we have fulfilled
vosotros	hayáis cumplido that you all have fulfilled	that you all have fulfilled
ellos/ustedes	hayan cumplido that they/you all have fulfilled	that they/you all have fulfilled

🌌

Subjunctive Past Perfect (pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo)

Subjective actions completed before another past action

Person	Conjugation	English
yo	hubiera cumplido that I had fulfilled	that I had fulfilled
tú	hubieras cumplido that you had fulfilled	that you had fulfilled
él/ella/usted	hubiera cumplido that he/she/you had fulfilled	that he/she/you had fulfilled
nosotros	hubiéramos cumplido that we had fulfilled	that we had fulfilled
vosotros	hubierais cumplido that you all had fulfilled	that you all had fulfilled
ellos/ustedes	hubieran cumplido that they/you all had fulfilled	that they/you all had fulfilled

❗

Commands (imperativo)

Commands and direct orders

Person	Command	English
tú	cumple	fulfill! (you)
usted	cumpla	fulfill! (you formal)
nosotros	cumplamos	let's fulfill!
vosotros	cumplid	fulfill! (you all)
ustedes	cumplan	fulfill! (you all)

🚫

Negative Commands (imperativo negativo)

Negative commands and prohibitions

Person	Command	English
tú	no cumplas	don't fulfill! (you)
usted	no cumpla	don't fulfill! (you formal)
nosotros	no cumplamos	let's not fulfill!
vosotros	no cumpláis	don't fulfill! (you all)
ustedes	no cumplan	don't fulfill! (you all)

More About "cumplir"

Idiomatic Expressions

cumplir años

to have a birthday / to turn (age)

💡 Celebrating a birthday

cumplir con

to fulfill / to comply with

💡 Meeting obligations or requirements

cumplir su palabra

to keep one's word

💡 Following through on promises

Examples in Context

Hoy cumplo 25 años.

Today I turn 25 years old.

Present

Cumplí con mi deber.

I fulfilled my duty.

Preterite

La empresa ha cumplido sus objetivos.

The company has met its objectives.

Present Perfect

Cumplirán el contrato.

They will fulfill the contract.

Future

Synonyms & Antonyms

Synonyms:

realizar(to carry out)

For completing tasks

Usage Notes

•Cumplir is a regular -ir verb
•Main meanings: to fulfill, to comply, to turn (age)
•"Cumplir años" is the standard expression for birthdays
•Often used with "con": cumplir con (to comply with)
•Related noun: el cumpleaños (birthday)

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Cumplir

Simple Tenses

Compound Tenses

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Synonyms:

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